Electronic music is a genre that has taken the world by storm. With its unique blend of synthesized sounds and digital technology, it has become one of the most popular genres of music today. But what exactly is electronic music? And what are the different classes or subgenres that fall under this umbrella term? In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the various types of electronic music, from techno and house to dubstep and electro, and examine what makes each one unique. So get ready to immerse yourself in the world of electronic music and discover the different classes that make up this exciting genre.
What is Electronic Music?
History of Electronic Music
Electronic music has been around for several decades, with its origins dating back to the early 20th century. It is a broad term that encompasses a wide range of musical styles, all of which involve the use of electronic devices, instruments, and technologies in their production. The history of electronic music is a fascinating one, full of innovation, experimentation, and groundbreaking discoveries.
One of the earliest forms of electronic music was produced in the 1920s and 1930s by composers such as Paul Hindemith and Luigi Russolo, who used mechanical devices and electrical circuits to create new sounds. However, it was not until the 1940s and 1950s that electronic music began to take shape as a distinct art form, with the development of the first electronic musical instruments, such as the Theremin and the Ondes Martenot.
In the 1960s and 1970s, the use of synthesizers and other electronic devices became more widespread, leading to the emergence of a wide range of new musical styles, including ambient, disco, and techno. The 1980s and 1990s saw the rise of electronic dance music (EDM), with genres such as house, trance, and drum and bass becoming increasingly popular.
Today, electronic music continues to evolve and diversify, with new subgenres and styles emerging all the time. From the experimental sounds of glitch and dubstep to the more commercial sounds of pop and hip-hop, electronic music has become an integral part of the global music scene.
Characteristics of Electronic Music
Electronic music is a broad term that encompasses a wide range of genres and subgenres, all of which are defined by their use of electronic instruments and technology. One of the key characteristics of electronic music is its use of synthesizers, which are electronic devices that generate sound through the manipulation of electrical signals. Synthesizers can produce a wide range of sounds, from simple waveforms to complex and intricate textures.
Another important characteristic of electronic music is its use of sequencing, which involves the manipulation of pre-recorded musical phrases or patterns to create a new composition. Sequencing can be done manually, using hardware devices such as drum machines and synthesizers, or it can be done digitally, using software such as Ableton Live or Logic Pro.
Electronic music also often incorporates elements of sampling, which involves taking a portion of an existing sound recording and using it as a basis for a new composition. Sampling can be done with any sound source, from music to field recordings, and can be used to create a wide range of sonic textures and effects.
In addition to these technical characteristics, electronic music is also defined by its experimental and exploratory nature. Electronic musicians are often drawn to the medium because of its potential for innovation and its ability to push the boundaries of traditional music. As a result, electronic music has given rise to a wide range of subgenres, each with its own unique sound and style.
Types of Electronic Music Genres
Synth-Based Music
Synthpop
Synthpop is a subgenre of electronic music that emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It is characterized by its use of synthesizers and a focus on catchy melodies and pop hooks. Synthpop artists often incorporate elements of disco and new wave into their music, creating a sound that is both danceable and memorable.
Some notable synthpop artists include Depeche Mode, Erasure, and Pet Shop Boys. These artists have achieved widespread commercial success and have influenced countless other musicians in the electronic music scene.
Electropop
Electropop is a subgenre of electronic music that is characterized by its use of synthesizers and a focus on pop music structures and songwriting. Electropop artists often incorporate elements of disco, new wave, and rock into their music, creating a sound that is both danceable and catchy.
Some notable electropop artists include Lady Gaga, The Killers, and Robyn. These artists have achieved widespread commercial success and have helped to popularize the electropop sound in the mainstream music industry.
Synthwave
Synthwave is a subgenre of electronic music that emerged in the late 2010s. It is characterized by its use of synthesizers and a focus on creating a nostalgic, retro-futuristic sound. Synthwave artists often incorporate elements of 1980s synth music, such as synthpop and new wave, into their music, creating a sound that is both nostalgic and futuristic.
Some notable synthwave artists include Carpenter Brut, Gunship, and Power Glove. These artists have gained a dedicated following among fans of electronic music and have helped to popularize the synthwave sound in the underground music scene.
Experimental Music
Experimental music is a genre of electronic music that pushes the boundaries of what is considered conventional or traditional. This genre is characterized by its innovative and unconventional approach to sound creation and manipulation.
Ambient
Ambient electronic music is a subgenre of experimental music that focuses on creating immersive and atmospheric soundscapes. This genre often uses long, droning synthesizer patterns and field recordings to create a sense of space and depth. Ambient electronic music is often used in film and video game soundtracks to enhance the mood and atmosphere of a scene.
Glitch
Glitch electronic music is a subgenre of experimental music that emphasizes the use of errors and malfunctions in electronic equipment as a creative tool. This genre often involves the manipulation of digital audio samples and the use of hardware malfunctions to create unique and unconventional sounds. Glitch electronic music is known for its erratic and chaotic rhythms, as well as its use of distorted and manipulated audio samples.
Noise
Noise electronic music is a subgenre of experimental music that is characterized by its harsh and abrasive sound. This genre often involves the use of raw and unprocessed audio signals, as well as the manipulation of electronic equipment to create dissonant and chaotic sounds. Noise electronic music is known for its confrontational and challenging nature, as well as its use of extreme volume levels and sonic assaults.
Dance Music
Dance music is a broad category of electronic music that is specifically designed to be played in a club or rave setting. It is characterized by its rhythmic and repetitive beats, as well as its use of synthesizers and other electronic instruments. There are many subgenres of dance music, each with its own unique characteristics and sounds.
Techno
Techno is a subgenre of dance music that originated in Detroit, Michigan in the mid-1980s. It is characterized by its use of repetitive, mechanical beats and its emphasis on technology and machinery. Techno producers often use synthesizers and other electronic instruments to create complex, layered soundscapes that evoke the feel of a futuristic world.
House
House music is another subgenre of dance music that originated in the 1980s, this time in Chicago, Illinois. It is characterized by its four-on-the-floor beat, which is a steady, insistent rhythm that drives the music forward. House music also typically features a prominent bassline and a focus on melody and vocals.
Trance
Trance is a subgenre of dance music that emerged in the early 1990s. It is characterized by its long, evolving tracks that build up to a climax, often featuring a prominent melody and a driving beat. Trance producers often use a variety of electronic instruments and effects to create a sense of atmosphere and immersion in the music.
Overall, dance music is a diverse and dynamic genre that encompasses a wide range of subgenres and styles. Whether you’re a fan of the mechanical beats of techno, the four-on-the-floor rhythms of house, or the long, evolving tracks of trance, there is something for everyone in the world of electronic dance music.
Hybrid Genres
Electro
Electro is a subgenre of electronic music that emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It is characterized by its use of synthesizers and drum machines to create a futuristic and robotic sound. Electro was popularized by artists such as Kraftwerk and Yellow Magic Orchestra, and it has since influenced many other genres of electronic music.
Indie Electronic
Indie Electronic is a subgenre of electronic music that is characterized by its use of lo-fi production techniques and a DIY ethos. This genre often features experimental sounds and textures, and it is associated with the independent music scene. Indie Electronic artists often use hardware synthesizers and other analog equipment to create their unique sounds.
Chillwave
Chillwave is a subgenre of electronic music that emerged in the late 2000s. It is characterized by its use of nostalgic and dreamy sounds, often incorporating elements of 80s and 90s pop culture. Chillwave is often associated with the “vaporwave” and “cloud rap” scenes, and it has been influenced by genres such as ambient and shoegaze.
These hybrid genres of electronic music have emerged as a result of the blending of different musical styles and influences. They represent a diverse range of sounds and approaches to electronic music production, and they continue to evolve and expand as new artists and producers explore the possibilities of this exciting and ever-changing genre.
Subgenres within Electronic Music
Techno Subgenres
Detroit Techno
Detroit Techno, also known as Detroit Electronic Music, is a subgenre of techno that originated in Detroit, Michigan during the 1980s. It is characterized by its repetitive, mechanical beats and the use of synthesizers and other electronic instruments. The early pioneers of Detroit Techno, such as Juan Atkins, Derrick May, and Kevin Saunderson, drew inspiration from the electronic sounds of Kraftwerk and other European electronic music groups. The distinct sound of Detroit Techno was heavily influenced by the industrial landscape of Detroit and the city’s thriving automobile industry. The genre gained popularity in the rave scene and quickly became a staple of the techno music scene.
Hardstep
Hardstep is a subgenre of techno that is characterized by its hard-hitting beats and aggressive sound. It is often described as a fusion of techno and hardstep music, with influences from hardstep, hardstep, and hardstep. Hardstep producers often use distorted synthesizers and heavily processed drums to create a sense of aggression and intensity. The genre is often associated with the rave scene and is popular in clubs and festivals around the world.
Melodic Techno
Melodic Techno is a subgenre of techno that emphasizes melody and harmony over repetitive beats. It is characterized by its use of complex chord progressions and melodic sequences, often using synthesizers and other electronic instruments. Melodic Techno producers often create a sense of emotional depth and complexity in their music, using a range of techniques to create a sense of atmosphere and mood. The genre is often associated with the early days of techno and has been influential in the development of other genres such as trance and deep house.
House Subgenres
Deep House
- Emergence and Evolution: Deep House emerged in the 1980s as a response to the more commercial and mainstream sound of House music. It is characterized by its melodic and soulful elements, often incorporating elements of jazz and soul music.
- Musical Characteristics: Deep House typically features a 4/4 beat, with a focus on layered melodies, soulful vocals, and atmospheric textures. It often incorporates elements of jazz and soul music, as well as chord progressions and melodic hooks.
- Influential Artists: Some of the most influential artists in the Deep House genre include Larry Heard, Robert Owens, and Frankie Knuckles.
Acid House
- Emergence and Evolution: Acid House emerged in the mid-1980s, influenced by the emerging rave culture and the use of the Roland TB-303 synthesizer. It is characterized by its raw, hypnotic sound and use of the distinctive “303” bassline.
- Musical Characteristics: Acid House typically features a 4/4 beat, with a focus on the use of the Roland TB-303 synthesizer and its distinctive “303” bassline. It often incorporates elements of techno and electro music, as well as hypnotic rhythms and psychedelic soundscapes.
- Influential Artists: Some of the most influential artists in the Acid House genre include Phuture, Adonis, and Djax.
Melodic House
- Emergence and Evolution: Melodic House emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s, influenced by the growing popularity of trance and progressive house music. It is characterized by its focus on melodic and harmonic elements, often incorporating elements of classical and pop music.
- Musical Characteristics: Melodic House typically features a 4/4 beat, with a focus on layered melodies, harmonic progressions, and catchy hooks. It often incorporates elements of classical and pop music, as well as atmospheric textures and effects.
- Influential Artists: Some of the most influential artists in the Melodic House genre include Dmitri Heterosexual, Robert Miles, and Yves De Ronne.
Other Subgenres
Dubstep
Dubstep is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in the UK in the late 1990s. It is characterized by its heavy basslines, wobbles, and syncopated rhythms. Dubstep producers often use digital audio workstations (DAWs) to create their music, and the genre has a distinctive sound that is recognizable to many fans.
One of the key characteristics of dubstep is its emphasis on the bassline. The bassline is typically created using a synthesizer or sampler, and it is often distorted or processed to create a deep, menacing sound. The wobble, which is a distinctive sound that is created by modulating the pitch of a bass note, is also a key element of dubstep.
Another important aspect of dubstep is its syncopation. Dubstep beats are often created using a technique called “sidechaining,” which involves using a compressor to create a “ducking” effect. This gives the music a rolling, syncopated rhythm that is often referred to as “dubstep wobble.”
Drum and Bass
Drum and bass is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in the UK in the early 1990s. It is characterized by its heavy basslines, breakbeats, and syncopated rhythms. Drum and bass producers often use digital audio workstations (DAWs) to create their music, and the genre has a distinctive sound that is recognizable to many fans.
One of the key characteristics of drum and bass is its emphasis on the bassline. The bassline is typically created using a synthesizer or sampler, and it is often distorted or processed to create a deep, menacing sound. The beat, which is created using a combination of drums and other percussive elements, is also a key element of drum and bass.
Another important aspect of drum and bass is its syncopation. Drum and bass beats are often created using a technique called “rolls,” which involves playing a series of drum hits in quick succession. This gives the music a rolling, syncopated rhythm that is often referred to as “drum and bass roll.”
Bass Music
Bass music is a genre of electronic dance music that is characterized by its heavy basslines and syncopated rhythms. It encompasses a wide range of subgenres, including dubstep, drum and bass, and other related styles. Bass music producers often use digital audio workstations (DAWs) to create their music, and the genre has a distinctive sound that is recognizable to many fans.
One of the key characteristics of bass music is its emphasis on the bassline. The bassline is typically created using a synthesizer or sampler, and it is often distorted or processed to create a deep, menacing sound. The beat, which is created using a combination of drums and other percussive elements, is also a key element of bass music.
Another important aspect of bass music is its syncopation. Bass music beats are often created using a technique called “sidechaining,” which involves using a compressor to create a “ducking” effect. This gives the music a rolling, syncopated rhythm that is often referred to as “bass wobble.”
Further Exploration of Electronic Music
As we delve deeper into the world of electronic music, it becomes evident that this genre is incredibly diverse and ever-evolving. With countless subgenres emerging over the years, it can be challenging to keep up with all the different styles and sounds. However, exploring these subgenres can be a fascinating journey for music lovers and producers alike.
One interesting aspect of electronic music is the way that it has been influenced by various cultures and styles from around the world. For example, Techno emerged from the Detroit scene in the 1980s and drew heavily from African-American culture, while Tech House emerged in the early 1990s and incorporated elements of both Techno and House music.
Another subgenre that has gained significant popularity in recent years is Downtempo, which is characterized by its slow and atmospheric beats. This style has been influenced by a variety of musical genres, including Ambient, Trip-Hop, and Electronica.
Additionally, Electro is a subgenre that emerged in the 1980s and is characterized by its use of synthesizers and electronic sounds. This style has been heavily influenced by Funk and Disco, and it often incorporates catchy hooks and danceable beats.
Lastly, Glitch is a subgenre that emerged in the early 2000s and is characterized by its use of digital errors and imperfections. This style has been influenced by a variety of musical genres, including Experimental, Noise, and Electronica.
Overall, exploring the world of electronic music can be a thrilling experience, and there is always something new to discover. Whether you are a fan of the classic genres or looking to explore some of the more obscure subgenres, there is no shortage of incredible music to discover.
The Evolution of Electronic Music
The evolution of electronic music can be traced back to the early 20th century, with the invention of the first electronic musical instruments in the 1920s. However, it was not until the 1960s and 1970s that electronic music began to gain widespread recognition and acceptance as a legitimate form of musical expression.
One of the earliest forms of electronic music was electronic dance music (EDM), which emerged in the 1970s and 1980s as a fusion of disco and punk. EDM producers used synthesizers and other electronic instruments to create new sounds and rhythms, which were often driven by repetitive beats and catchy melodies.
Another important development in the evolution of electronic music was the emergence of techno in the mid-1980s. Techno was characterized by its use of synthesizers and drum machines to create complex, mechanical rhythms, and it quickly became popular in clubs and raves around the world.
In the 1990s, electronic music continued to evolve and diversify, with the emergence of subgenres such as trance, hardstep, and jungle. These subgenres often incorporated elements of other musical styles, such as rock, hip-hop, and reggae, and they helped to establish electronic music as a truly global phenomenon.
Today, electronic music continues to be a dynamic and constantly evolving art form, with new subgenres and styles emerging all the time. From deep house and trap to ambient and experimental, the world of electronic music is as diverse and vibrant as ever.
Joining the Electronic Music Community
If you’re interested in exploring the world of electronic music, joining the electronic music community is a great way to start. Here are some steps you can take to get involved:
- Attend Electronic Music Events
Attending electronic music events is a great way to meet other music enthusiasts and discover new music. You can find events in your local area by checking out websites like Eventbrite or Soundcloud. Look for events that feature the genres and subgenres that interest you the most.
- Follow Electronic Music Blogs and Podcasts
There are many electronic music blogs and podcasts that provide news, reviews, and interviews with electronic music artists. By following these resources, you can stay up-to-date on the latest trends and discover new music. Some popular electronic music blogs include Pitchfork, Resident Advisor, and XLR8R.
- Join Online Communities
There are many online communities dedicated to electronic music, such as Reddit’s r/electronicmusic community. By joining these communities, you can connect with other music enthusiasts, share your favorite music, and discover new artists.
- Support Independent Artists
Independent artists often struggle to gain exposure in the electronic music industry. By supporting independent artists, you can help them gain more recognition and ensure that their music continues to be made. You can support independent artists by sharing their music on social media, attending their events, and purchasing their music.
By following these steps, you can join the electronic music community and start exploring the world of electronic music.
FAQs
1. What is electronic music?
Electronic music is a broad term that refers to any type of music that is created using electronic devices or digital technology. This can include a wide range of genres and subgenres, from experimental ambient music to popular dance music.
2. What are some common genres of electronic music?
Some common genres of electronic music include techno, house, electro, dubstep, and trance. Within each of these genres, there are often many subgenres, each with its own unique characteristics and sounds.
3. What are some subgenres of techno?
Some subgenres of techno include acid techno, detroit techno, and ghettotech. Each of these subgenres has its own distinct sound and style, and is often associated with a particular region or scene.
4. What are some subgenres of house music?
Some subgenres of house music include deep house, progressive house, and electro house. Each of these subgenres has its own unique characteristics, such as different tempos, melodies, and production techniques.
5. What is the difference between electronic music and other types of music?
Electronic music differs from other types of music in that it is created using electronic devices or digital technology. This allows for a wide range of sounds and textures that are not possible with traditional instruments or recording techniques. Additionally, electronic music often incorporates elements of other genres, such as rock, hip hop, and classical music, creating a unique and diverse musical landscape.
